Tarsal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of the posterior tibial nerve, which may result from trauma, inflammation, or anatomical abnormalities.

Symptoms include pain, tingling, numbness, and weakness in the medial region of the ankle and foot, which worsen with activity.

Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and can be confirmed by electromyography or nerve conduction tests. Initial treatment includes conservative measures such as anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and orthotics. In resistant cases, surgical nerve decompression may be required.

If left untreated, tarsal tunnel syndrome can lead to permanent nerve damage, resulting in loss of sensation and foot weakness.