Meniscal tears affect the two fibrocartilaginous structures (medial and lateral meniscus) located between the femur and tibia. They may be traumatic, more common in young and athletic individuals, or degenerative, typically seen in people over 50, often associated with osteoarthritis.

Typical symptoms include localized knee pain, especially during twisting motions, swelling, joint locking or clicking sensations, and sometimes instability. Some patients may struggle to fully extend the knee.

Diagnosis is based on clinical examination and confirmed by MRI, which provides detailed images of the type and extent of the tear. Treatment may be conservative, including rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medication, or surgical in cases of persistent symptoms or functional impairment.

If untreated, a meniscal tear can lead to cartilage damage and increase the risk of early osteoarthritis. In some cases, chronic pain and limited function may persist even after treatment.